All the colleges was categorized because of the Chilean Ministry away from Education towards the around three membership, specifically lowest-reaching colleges, mid-reaching colleges and you will large-reaching colleges, dependent the newest abilities of its children throughout SIMCE assessment ( thirty-two ) .
Anthropometric measurements and you can nutritional updates
Standardized procedures were used to measure students’ weight to the nearest 0·1 kg, using a Seca scale (SECA, Hamburg, Germany), and height to the nearest 0·1 cm, using a Holtain stadiometer. All instruments were verified before measuring each participant ( Reference Gibson 33 ) . BMI (kg/m 2 ) and height-for-age were evaluated, and Z-scores were obtained according to the references of the Centers for Disease Control, National Center for Health Statistics (USA) ( Reference Kuczmarski, Ogden and Guo 34 ) . Nutritional status was defined as follows: underweight, BMI Z-score
Socio-monetary position
Socio-monetary position (SES) are counted having fun with a size based on Graffar’s altered strategy and this try adapted to Chilean urban and you can rural communities ( Reference Alvarez, Muzzo and you will Ivaple into the four socio-monetary organizations: 1=high (0·step 3 %); 2=mid–higher (14·eight %); 3=middle (38·step three %); 4=mid–lowest (45·six %); and you may 5=low (step one·1 %). Although not, within our research i combined this type of four categories on around three: large (1+2), center (3) and reasonable (4+5) SES.
Statistical studies
Statistical analysis included performing ? 2 tests to compare categorical variables, and ANOVA and Bonferroni tests for comparison of continuous variables. After performing bivariate analyses with each potential confounding variable, including sex, grade, nutritional status, SES and school’s performance, we used logistic regression to assess the relationship between the nutritional quality of snacks at school (exposure) and individual academic performance in Mathematics and Language (outcome). In each case, the probability of passing the test was estimated using three models. In the second model, SES was added. Finally, a fully adjusted model contained all mentioned covariates with the addition of a variable denoting the school’s academic performance. Because the variable school’s performance was partly derived from the outcome variables, this adjustment may cause underestimation of the association, so we included models with and without adjustment for school’s performance. A P value of <0·05 denoted statistical significance. Data were processed using the statistical software package Stata SE for Windows version 12·0.
Overall performance
The shot is made right up off 13·step 1 ( sd 2·3) year-dated male (52 %) and you will people (forty-eight %) adolescents from reduced (44·step 3 %), center (39·six %) and you will highest (step one6·1 %) SES. It attended 5th (51·nine %) and you may 9th (48·step 1 %) degree in public areas (34·8 %), partially paid (57·8 %) and personal colleges (7·cuatro %) regarding Santiago Metropolitan Area. As for health reputation, 45 % of professionals were obese otherwise over weight. Almost 50 % of the students (48 %) went to higher-reaching universities, while 31 % and you will 23 % attended mid- and you may reasonable-gaining colleges, respectively.
From the shot, 56 % regarding college students said consumption of points from the snack go out that were full of lbs, sugar, salt and effort. Thirty-six percent was indeed regarded as for terrible-to-fair snack, while just 8 % have been considered to eat compliment things when you look at the snack date on college. Desk step one has got the detailed analytics of your try. Average philosophy of scores inside the Vocabulary and you can Math were notably ong people who have all the way down nutritional top-notch foods at school (P=0·01). The newest display off students ingesting substandard dishes at school are somewhat high among 9th graders (59 %; P=0·040), youngsters likely to low-finding colleges (61 %; P=0·036), including certainly one of skinny and you will normal-pounds people (69 % and you will 62 %, respectively; P=0·006).
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